Drinking in the last chance saloon: luck egalitarianism, alcohol consumption, and the organ transplant waiting list.
نویسنده
چکیده
The scarcity of livers available for transplants forces tough choices upon us. Lives for those not receiving a transplant are likely to be short. One large group of potential recipients needs a new liver because of alcohol consumption, while others suffer for reasons unrelated to their own behaviour. Should the former group receive lower priority when scarce livers are allocated? This discussion connects with one of the most pertinent issues in contemporary political philosophy; the role of personal responsibility in distributive justice. One prominent theory of distributive justice, luck egalitarianism, assesses distributions as just if, and only if, people's relative positions reflect their exercises of responsibility. There is a principled luck egalitarian case for giving lower priority to those who are responsible for their need. Compared to the existing literature favouring such differentiation, luck egalitarianism provides a clearer rationale of fairness, acknowledges the need for individual assessments of responsibility, and requires initiatives both inside and outside of the allocation systems aimed at mitigating the influence from social circumstances. Furthermore, the concrete policies that luck egalitarians can recommend are neither too harsh on those who make imprudent choices nor excessively intrusive towards those whose exercises of responsibility are assessed.
منابع مشابه
A Stochastic Optimization Approach to a Location-Allocation Problem of Organ Transplant Centers
Decision-making concerning thelocation of critical resource on the geographical network is important in many industries.In the healthcare system,these decisions include location of emergency and preventive care. The decisions of location play a crucial role due to determining the travel time between supply and de//////mand points and response time in emergencies.Organs are considered as highly ...
متن کاملAnalysis of deaths in patients awaiting heart transplantation: impact on patient selection criteria.
OBJECTIVE To analyse the clinical characteristics of patients who died on the Stanford heart transplant waiting list and to develop a method for risk stratifying status 2 patients (outpatients). METHODS Data were reviewed from all patients over 18 years, excluding retransplants, who were accepted for heart transplantation over an eight year period from 1986 to 1994. RESULTS 548 patients wer...
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Abstract Background: Consumption of substance, alcohol and cigarettes in candidates for transplant surgery is a major problem as these habits can decrease the rate of success in transplant surgery. Since Masih Daneshvari Hospital is a center for heart and lung transplant this study was done to gather information about the prevalence of cigar and substance use among patients on the waiting li...
متن کاملThoracic organ transplantation in the United States, 1994-2003.
Using OPTN/SRTR data, this article reviews the state of thoracic organ transplantation in 2003 and the previous decade. Time spent on the heart waiting list has increased significantly over the last decade. The percentage of patients awaiting heart transplantation for >2 years increased from 23% in 1994 to 49% by 2003. However, there has been a general decline in heart waiting list death rates ...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Medicine, health care, and philosophy
دوره 19 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016